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Intro:

The Tamirabarani River originates from the famous Agasthiyarkoodam Peak in Western Ghats, Ambasumadram Taluk. It moves through Tirunelveli and Tuticorin.

Etymology:

The Thamirabarani contains traces of copper, consequently its name (Thamiram means birdwatcher in Tamil).

The copper mineral content gives it a distinct red shade. The river is historically generally known as Porunai. Some scholars interpret the brand Tamiraparani because Tamiram (copper) and Varuni (stream or perhaps river). They ascribe this origin while the bed of the river is of red ground, when the normal water flows within the red ground it gives a copper-like appearance.

Historical Reference point:

The Old Greeks of the time of Ptolemy refer to the river while Solen. Spelt differently since Tampraparani, Tamraparni, Tamiravaruni, and so forth, the lake is mentioned as the Porunai nathi in Tamil poetic literature. It gets recognition and is referred to as the renowned one out of Sanskrit books references where are since old while that of the Puranas and Epics. Nearly all the neighborhoods and villages along the course of this water are traditional settlements.

One particular well known model is Aadhichanallur which is a preservedsite of the Condition Archaeology Office from wherever pre-historic artifacts are excavated. The Tamirabarani river can be referred to in anicient Sangam and Tamil texts. In Mahabharatha (3: 88) the river is usually mentioned as “Listen, U son of Kunti, My spouse and i shall right now describe Tamraparni. In that asylum the gods had undergone penances impelled by the desire of obtaining salvation”

Geographical Notes:

The Tamiraparani arises from the peak in the Periya Pothigai hills from the Western Ghats above Papanasam in the Ambasamudram taluk. The truly amazing river such as the Cauvery, nevertheless unlike a lot of the other Indian rivers, is fed by both the wet ” the south west and the north-eastern and is seen in full spate two times a year if the monsoons tend not to fail. Before the bifurcation in the Tirunelveli section, the Tamiraparani was the only major lake in Tamilnadu which acquired its source and end in the same area. After bifurcation, the riv traverses both districts of Tirunelveli and Tuticorin before joining the Gulf of Mannar in the Bay of Bengal for Punnaikayal in Tiruchendur taluk of Thoothukkudi district.

The river is usually 130 kms in length and the Thamirabarani container is situated among latitudes eight. 21` D and on the lookout for. 13` In and among 77. 10` E longitudes. The forty metres profound Vanatheertham waterfalls are located near to the origin with the Thamirabarani Water. The lake is give food to by it is tributaries along with by wet. The water is signed up with by it is headwater tributaries Peyar, Ullar, Pambar prior to it runs into the Kariyar Dam water tank, where that meets Kariyar. The lake descends throughout the mountains near Papanasam, where it varieties the Kalyanatheertham falls and Agasthiar is catagorized

Tributaries In the River:

From your source to sea, the overall length of the water is about a hundred and twenty-five km., that its course in Tirunelveli district only is about 75 km. Beginning at an höhe of 1725 m. above MSL for Periya Pothigai hill amounts and essential hill program Western Ghats in Ambasamudram taluk, that passes throughout the taluks of Tirunelveli and Palayamkottai of Tirunelveli area and Srivaikundam and Tiruchendur taluks of Thoothukkudi section. In the Ghats, the chief tributaries of the river are the Peyar, Ullar, Karaiyar, Servalar plus the Pambar. These types of rivers become a member of the Tamiraparani and improve its

program before that reaches the plains. The first tributary which enhances the water with the Tamiraparani inside the plains around the right side is the Manimuthar.

Then comes the Gadananathi, which joins the Tamiraparani at Tiruppudaimaruthur. Before the Gadananathi’s entry into the Tamiraparani, the Gadananadhi is joined by the rivers Kallar, Karunaiyar and Veeranathi or Varahanathi which in turn joins the river Gadananathi about 1 ) 5 kilometres north-east of Kila Ambur. The water Pachaiyar is another tributary which joins the Tamiraparani near Tharuvai village in Palayamkottai Taluk. One of many important and affluent tributaries of the Tamiraparani is the Chithar or Chitranathi which develops in the Courtalam hills and receives source from the rivers Gundar, Hanumanathi and Karuppanathi. The Chithar empities on its own into the Tamiraparani in Sivalapperi Village.

The river pumps out with its tributaries an area of approximately 4400 sq km. Since many of their extensive catchments areas put in the European ghats, the river looks forward to the full benefit for both the wet which make the river perennial. Since every its tributaries are as a result of the Traditional western ghats, the river is usually prone to hefty floods specifically during the North East monsoon. Usage Of The River(Then):

Not much is known about the usage of Tamirabarani River back then. The riv has been traditionally known as Podhigai. It discovers mention in the ancient Sangam and Tamil texts. There is an ancient script written as ‘Thamirabarani mahathmiyam’.

Usage Of The River(Now):

The many anicuts, public works and reservoirs on the Thamirabarani river, along with all those on the Manimuthar River, offer a large percentage of the water for irrigation and electric power generation to get Tirunelveli Section. It is fed by both the monsoons ” the the west and the north-eastern and is noticed in full spate twice 12 months if the monsoons do not fail. The Gadananadhi has 6 anicuts and a water tank of on the lookout for, 970, 1000 m, and irrigates 38. 87 km of wetlands. The Ramanadhi has six anicuts, a reservoir of 4, 300, 000 m, and irrigates 20. twenty three km of wetlands. Pachaiyar River has 12 anicuts and irrigates 61. 51 km of wet and dry countries.

The important irrigation channels branching off from both the banks with the river Tamiraparani are, Southern region Kodaimelalagian funnel, North Kodaimelalagian channel (Kodaimelalagiananaicut), Nathiyunni channel (Nathiyunni anaicut), Kannadian channel (Kannadian anaicut), Kodagan funnel (Ariyanayagipuram anaicut), Palayam (Palavur anaicut) funnel, Tirunelveli funnel (Suthamalli anaicut), Marudur Melakkal, Marudur Keelakkal (Marudur anaicut), South Primary Channel and North Main Channel (Srivaikundam anaicut). Of those the first seven anaicuts were built during the period of old and medieval rulers as well as the last anaicut namely the Srivaikundam anaicut was built and completed by the United kingdom in 1869.

List of atteinte across Thamirabarani river:

1 . Kodaimelaalagain anaicut 1281. 67Hectares

2 . Nathiyunni anaicut 1049. 37 Hectares

3. Kannadian anaicut 2266. 69 Hectares

4. Ariyanayagipuram anaicut 4767. 30Hectares

a few. Palavur anaicut 3557. 26Hectares

6. Suthamalli anaicut 2559. 69Hectares

six. Marudur anaicut 7175. 64Hectares

List of programs:

1 . Southern Kodaimelalagain route

2 . North Kodaimelalagain route

3. Nathiyunni channel

5. Kannadian channel

5. Kodagan channel

6th. Palayam channel

7. Tirunelveli channel

almost 8. Marudur Melakkal

9. Marudur Keelakal

Pollution And Other Concerns:

This was a peice in a Tamil daily.

Various rivers in Tamil nadu have already turn into poisoned as a result of mixing of industrial wastages and sewages. Not any measures have been completely taken to prevent them coming from degradation. Cooum is the best case for how a river may be degraded into a drainage. Noyyal has been polluted long back by the sectors atTiruppur. Uyyakondan/ Kudamuruti water, which goes by through Tiruchirappalli has almost reached the drainage degree. Thamirabarani was your only perennial river in Tamil Nadu. Now, this kind of river likewise poses a danger of being polluted due to plastic-type waste.

Drinking water falling from Coutralam falls is named because Sitraaru (Chitra Nadhi in Sanskrit), a branch to Tamirabharani achievement polluted by simply tourists everyday by polythene wastes. The Servalaaru, one more branch riv of Tamirabarani also receiving poluted in its origination stage itself by tourists. Of late, Thamirabarani Riv is tremendously polluted as a result of rapid industrialization on its banks including pulp, daily news, textile, numerous workshops, photographic industries, different small scale industries leading to the discharge neglected effluents since also human being and creature wastes, etc . The spend consists of absorb dyes stuff, sulphates, sulphide, copper mineral, zinc, business lead, phenolics, chlorides, lingo cellulosic wastes, mercaptans, mercury, and so forth

The survey conducted by various waterways of Thamirabarani river discloses that the curare, chemical and pollution amounts are extremely high than the allowable limits. Even more the presence of amala plants in the canal greatly absorbs the oxygen level leading to the death of living things. Besides, the increased presence of microbes distributes foul smell in the canals. There are stunning reports that one litre of river water contains more than 1, 300 microbes. Arsenic intoxication high-level of toxic chemicals in the lake water as well as consumption causes irritation and other skin related diseases. There is certainly huge pressure among the experts and maqui berry farmers that in the event the present scenario is permitted to continue, the crops will probably be greatly damaged.

Due to yellow sand mining, the amount of fish inside the river offers met with a drastic decrease. In Tirunelveli, Tuticorin, Virudhunagar districts, people are hesitating to use the “Jiva NathiTamirabarani’s water for irrigating their fields. The river earlier was the method to obtain water to get cooking, consum-ption and other uses. The hotels, factories and hospitals on the banks in the river happen to be dumping their very own hazardous toxins in the lake. The funds on the banking companies are also polluting the river on their part. The people had been using the riv as a place to attend their nature’s contact. Because of these, a few parts of the river is now unfit to get human use. Due to the mixing of viruses, harmful metals, factory waste products in the lake, the Tamirabharani river is definitely heading toward destruction.

Plans And Tasks To Rectify The Problems:

Although Government offers taken many steps to clean rivers, not one of them are getting carried out properly. Also, the awareness among the people is usually decreasing daily. First of all, in the event the mixing of wastes inside the river is usually stopped, two thirds of the pollution will stop. The river as well poses like a breeding ground for insects as the sewage mixes in the river. If the sewerage is diverted, the breeding of insects will stop. Estuaries and rivers and channels provide 65% of our place’s drinking water. The 2nd step is to create recognition among the persons. Many streams have been preserved due to community projects taken on by the people. Likewise, if the problems encountered by the Tamirabharani river benefits awareness, there exists scope pertaining to positive development.

Conclusion:

The problem is never too late to be fixed. The future of the Tamirabharani water will be dependant upon our activities. Do we need our Tamirabhrani river, the “Jiva Nathi Tamirabharani to get another Cooum? The question is posed before all of us. The answer in this question lies in our hands. Through the National River Cleaning Program in the united states, 900, 000+ people have cleaned 162, 000+ miles of streams, getting rid of almost being unfaithful million pounds of waste. This could become an example for us. The steps used hereafter, needs to be proactive and not improvident.

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